Case-control study of risk factors for recurrent low hemoglobin level among primary and middle school students / 上海预防医学

Objective To explore the risk factors of recurrent low hemoglobin(RLH) level among students from 6 to 13 years old, and to formulate strategies and policies in this regard. Methods Surveillance on hemoglobin concentration was conducted among 71 742 students aged from 6 to 13y between 2013-2014 based on the annual physical examination for primary and middle school in Minhang District.Of those students, 670 were diagnosed with low hemoglobin level according to WHO criteria.A 1 ︰ 1 matched case-control study was conducted based on gender, age and school type.Questionnaire surveys for data collection were analyzed using Cox′s proportional hazards regression. Results Factors as pregnancy anemia(OR=2.32, 95%CI:1.49-3.63), non-pregnancy anemia(OR=4.65, 95%CI:1.22-17.69), maternal anemia(OR=2.51, 95%CI:1.50-4.21), drinking strong tea(OR=2.56, 95%CI:1.27-5.13) and dietary bias(OR=1.94, 95%CI:1.45-2.59) were risk factors of recurrent low hemoglobin level.Chewing pencils(OR=1.80, 95%CI:1.25-2.59) or toys(OR=1.79, 95%CI:1.10-2.86) and wasting(OR=3.37, 95%CI:1.11-10.21)might be the risk factors. Conclusion The risk factors of recurrent low hemoglobin level among students aged from 6 to 13 years are related to maternal anemia status and their dietary habits.We should strengthen education for women of child-bearing age, and help to develop healthy eating practices for their babies.Emaciated students should be focused on in this regard.

Effect of Changji'an Prescription on Intestinal Permeability of IBS-D Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Changji'an prescription on intestinal permeability in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rats and explore its mechanism for treatment of IBS-D. Method:Male SD neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal group, model group, pinaverium bromide group(0.018 g·kg-1), high-dose(33.48 g·kg-1) and low-dose (16.74 g·kg-1)Changji'an prescription groups. Except for the normal group, the IBS-D model was established by the combination of maternal and infant separation+acetic acid stimulation+restraint stress. After drug treatment, the ultrastructure of rat intestinal mucosa was observed by using transmission electron microscopy and the plasma D-lactate level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin-1 were detected by Western blot. The mRNA expression levels of Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occluden(ZO)-1 were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Result:As compared with the normal group, the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells were damaged in IBS-D model group, and the microvilli arrangement was sparse and tight junction was widened, and some were not obvious,and the plasma D-lactate level in IBS-D rats was increased significantly (PPD-lactate level in pinaverium bromide group and high-dose Changji'an prescription group was significantly decreased (PD-lactate level in the low-dose group Changji'an prescription group had a tendency to decrease with no statistical difference. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 and the mRNA expression of ZO-1 in the colon of rats in each administration group were higher than those in the model group (PConclusion:The therapeutic effect of Changji'an prescription on IBS-D may be achieved by improving the intestinal permeability.

Effects of Tangzhi Kangping Granules on the blood sugar and lipid in rats with disordered glucose and lipid metabolism / 中成药

AIM To observe the effects of Tangzhi Kangping Granules (Astragali Radix,Ligustri lucidi Fructus,Schisandrae chinensis Fructus,etc.) on regulating blood sugar and lipid of rats with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.METHODS Among the seventy rats for the trial,ten rats were randomly assigned to normal control group,the other 60 rats were injected with STZ citric acid-sodium citrate solution (60 mg/kg) combined with high-fat emulsion (10 mL/kg) for 4 weeks to be the models of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.The model rats were divided into model control group,mefformin + fenofibrate group,Xiaoke Pills + Xuezhikang group,and high,medium and low dose Tangzhi Kangping Granules groups.After 4-week intragastric administration,the rats had their levels of fasting serum glucose (GLU),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipids (LDL-C),insulin (INS),adiponectin (ADP),leptin (Leptin),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) measured.RESULTS Compared with the model control group,the rats in high,medium and low dose Tangzhi Kangping Granules groups displayed significantly decreased serum contents of GLU,TG and TC,lowered levels of LDL-C,ADP,Leptin,IL-6,TNF-α,and yet significantly increased levels of HDL-C and INS.CONCLUSION Tangzhi Kangping Granules,a blood sugar andlipid regulator may adjust the levels of insulin,adiponectin and leptin,and therefore improves the body's inflammatory environment to alleviate insulin resistance.

Effect of changji'an capsule on mRNA expressions of NPY and ACTH contents in brain-gut axis of IBS-D model rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Changji'an Capsule (CA) on mRNA expressions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus and colon and serum levels of adreno-cortico-tropic hormone (ACTH) in rats of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 48 SD rats were randomly divided into six groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the Pinaverium Bromide group (PB, 0.018 g/kg), the high dose CA group (2.812 g/kg), the medium dose CA group (1.406 g/kg), and the low dose CA group (0.703 g/kg), 8 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was established by using separation of breast milk + stimulation of acetic acid + constraint of four limbs. Normal saline was given to rats in the normal control group and the model group. All medication lasted for 14 successive days by gastrogavage. The serum content of ACTH was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of NPY mRNA in the colon and the hypothalamus were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, the serum ACTH content significantly increased (P < 0.01), the NPY mRNA expression in the colon and the hypothalamus obviously decreased (P < 0.01) in the model control group. Compared with the model group, the serum ACTH obviously decreased in the high dose CA group, the medium dose CA group, and the PB group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The NPY mRNA expression in the colon and the hypothalamus were obviously up-regulated in the high dose CA group, the medium dose CA group, the low dose CA group, and the PB group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CA could modulate the abnormity of brain-gut axis of IBS-D rats possibly by up-regulating NPY mRNA expressions in the hypothalamus and the colon and down-regulating the ACTH content in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.</p>

Efficacy observation of electroacupuncture intervention on severe acute pancreatitis at early stage complicated with intestinal paralysis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture intervention on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) at early stage complicated with intestinal paralysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-eight cases of SAP were randomly divided into observation group (48 cases) and control group (20 cases). In observation group, according to the course of sickness, the early-stage subgroup (30 cases, hospitalized in 3 d) and late-stage subgroup (18 cases, hospitalized in 3-7 d) were subdivided. In control group, the conventional treatment was applied. In observation group, based on the same treatment as control group, electroacupuncture was supplemented at Zhongwan (CV 12), Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6), Hegu (LI 4), etc. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II scores, the recovery time of intestinal paralysis and laboratory indices, complications, operation transfer rate, death rate and the admission time were compared among groups after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 83.3% (25/30) in early-stage subgroup, which was superior to 72.2% (13/18) in late-stage subgroup and 65.0% (13/20) in control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In early-stage subgroup, the remission time of abdominal pain, the remission time of abdominal distention, the recovery time of borborygums, the recovery time of gas discharge, and the recovery time of defecation were all shorter significantly than those in late-stage subgroup and control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In early-stage subgroup, APACHE II scores, the recovery time of WBC and blood/uric amylase, complications, operation transfer rate, death rate and admission time were all lower remarkably than those in late-stage subgroup and control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); but, there were no statistical significant differences in comparison between late-stage subgroup and control group (all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture intervention on SAP complicated with intestinal paralysis is superior remarkably to that of conventional treatment, and the efficacy of electroacupuncture intervention at early stage is better than that at late stage.</p>

Efficacy and safety of ademetionine for treatment of drug-induced liver disease in children / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy and safety of ademetionine for treatment of cholestatic or mixed-type drug-induced liver disease (DILD) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The children with DILD were divided into the treated group and control group. Yinzhihuang Granule was orally administered and Compound Glycyrrhizin Injection intravenously given in patients of both groups. Those patients in the treated group were additionally treated with intravenous infusion of 250-1000 mg ademetionine for 28 d. The incidence of pruritus and adverse effects as well as biochemical parameters in all the patients and compared between the 2 groups. For statistical analysis, Chi2 test was used for between-group comparison and t test for processing the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) Before treatment, severe pruritus was found in 17 and 16 children in the treated and control group, respectively. Two weeks after the treatment, the symptom was significantly relieved in 14 and 3 patients in the treated and control group, respectively (Chi2 = 4.52, P < 0.05). 2) As for comparisons between the 2 groups, a P value of 0.0014 for AST level was found 4 weeks, 0.045 and 0.007 for disappearance and recovery rate of jaundice, 0.0014 and 0.0006 for decrease in TBA level and 0.0003 for gammaGT level 2 and 4 weeks after the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intravenous administration of ademetionine is safe in children with DILD and it can effectively alleviate pruritus, promote the recovery of various biochemical parameters and fasten liver functional recovery in these children. Therefore, ademetionine can be widely used for treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis in children.</p>

The expression of Cyclin A and p21cip1 in fibroblast of hypertrophic scar / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relation of the mRNA and protein expression of Cyclin A and p21cip1 in different stages hypertrophic scar fibroblast (FB) with its cell cycle, so as to provide theoretical evidence for intervention therapy of cell cycle gene being used in hypertrophic scar.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hypertrophic scar samples at different stages (the third month, the sixth month, the twelfth month, the twenty-fourth month) in 32 cases and the normal skin samples in 8 cases were used in this study. The expression of Cyclin A, p21cip1 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot. And at the same time, the flow cytometer was used to detect the fibroblastic cell life cycle.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) The expression of Cyclin A mRNA and protein in the third month group, the sixth month group, the twelfth month group, the twenty-fourth month group were 19.34 +/- 2.41, 0.99 +/- 0.11; 19.30 +/- 1.42, 0.96 +/- 0.09; 10.73 +/- 2.93, 0.66 +/- 0.58; 9.29 +/- 0.97, 0.65 +/- 0.14, respectively. And in corresponding stages, the expression of p21cip1 mRNA and protein were 2.80 +/- 0.69, 0.35 +/- 0.07; 4.95 +/- 1.82, 0.44 +/- 0.07; 9.98 +/- 1.19, 0.56 +/- 0.06; 10.25 +/- 1.46, 0.59 +/- 0.06, respectively. The expression intensity of Cyclin A mRNA and protein was no significantly different between the third month group and the sixth month group (P > 0. 05), but it was higher respectively than that in the twelfth month group, the twenty-fourth month group and normal group (P < 0.05). And the expression intensity was no different between the above three groups (P > 0.05). The expression intensity of P21cip1 mRNA and protein in the third month group was lower than that in the sixth month group, but that in the above two groups was lower respectively than that in the twelfth month group, the twenty-fourth month group and normal group (P < 0.05). And the expression intensity had no difference between the three later stage groups (P > 0.05). 2) Most FB were in S and G2/M stage (cycle) in 3rd month, 6th month group. And most FB were in G0/G1 stage (cycle) in 12th month, 24th month group and normal group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of mRNA and protein of Cyclin A in hypertrophic scar changes from high level to low level as the hypertrophic scar develops, while the expression of P21cip1 changes from low level to high level. The mRNA and protein expression of Cyclin A and p21cip1 respectively are basically corresponded to different stages of hypertrophic scar. The distribution of cell life cycle of fibroblastic are also corresponded to the expression intensity of Cyclin A and p21cip1 in different stages hypertrophic scar. An early stage intervention to the two gene can be effective to prevent from the genesis and development of hypertrophic scar.</p>

Situation of impaired glucose regulation and metabolic syndrome in overweight or obesity adolescent students in Dongguan city / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the occurrence and development of adolescent students' type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by researching the characteristics of the adolescent students' impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) effected by overweight or obesity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May to November 2007, 3856 middle school students aged 11 to 18 years old in Dongguan city were enrolled in the study. Overweight or obesity (b/Ob) depended on three indexes: the national unified school-age children and adolescent students' body mass index (BMI) and the temporary screening classification standard II established by the Working Group on Obesity in China, BP > or = 140/90 mm Hg (1mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) and fasting capillary whole glucose which was greater than or equal to 5.6 mmol/L. The fasting capillary whole glucose was screened by blood glucose meter from fingertips. Students who had any abnormal indexes were brought into this study. On basis of voluntary principle, blood lipid, fasting blood glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG), fasting insulin (FIns) of 368 male and 326 female students who conformed to these conditions were measured using their venous blood. By temporary BMI standard II, they were divided into overweight group (b) and obesity group (Ob). Data of different age groups (11 to 14; 15 to 18 years old) was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BMI, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin resistance index (IR), IFG and IGT of the same age stage in two groups were compared. The BMI value was (22.1 +/- 2.4) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.38 +/- 0.65) mmol/L, IR was 1.15 +/- 0.58 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 3.5% and 1.4% respectively in female students aged 11 to 14 years old in b group. In Ob group, BMI value was (24.4 +/- 3.9) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.70 +/- 0.73) mmol/L, IR was 1.36 +/- 0.67 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 14.6% and 6.3% respectively. t or chi2 values of two groups which were compared were 4.83, 2.45, 2.10, 7.41 and 7.99 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). BMI value was (25.8 +/- 3.1) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.35 +/- 0.62) mmol/L, IR was 1.14 +/- 0.64 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 3.1% and 4.1% respectively in 15 to 18 years old in b group. In Ob group, BMI value was (28.0 +/- 4.3) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.69 +/- 0.69) mmol/L, IR was 1.43 +/- 0.84 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 12.8% and 15.4% respectively. t or chi2 values of two groups which were compared were 3.33, 2.79, 1.87, 4.75 and 5.17 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). BMI value was (22.4 +/- 2.3) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.36 +/- 0.67) mmol/L, IR was 1.19 +/- 0.65 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 3.6% and 1.8% respectively in male students of 11 to 14 years old in b group. In Ob group, BMI value was (24.6 +/- 4.2) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.68 +/- 0.71) mmol/L, IR was 1.44 +/- 0.89 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 13.3% and 9.4% respectively. t or chi2 values of two groups which were compared were 4.85, 2.72, 2.19, 6.75 and 6.76 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). BMI value was (26.4 +/- 2.8) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.35 +/- 0.70) mmol/L, IR was 1.24 +/- 0.68 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 4.7% and 5.6% respectively in 15 to 18 years old in b group. In Ob group, BMI value was (28.2 +/- 4.8) kg/m2, LDL-C was (2.71 +/- 0.73) mmol/L, IR was 1.50 +/- 0.95 and the detection rates of IFG and IGT were 17.9% and 17.9% respectively. t or chi2 values of two groups which were compared were 2.80, 2.69, 1.84, 6.68 and 6.27 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The male students' FPG of 11 to 14 years old in b group was (4.88 +/- 0.76) mmol/L and FPG of Ob group was (5.09 +/- 0.80) mmol/L. Two groups were compared and t = 1.84 (P < 0.05). The statistical differences were all observed. We compared different age stages and found that the male students' 2-hour PG of 11 to 14 years old in Ob group was (5.13 +/- 1.18) mmol/L and the 2-hour PG of 15 to 18 years old was (5.36 +/- 1.24) mmol/L. Two groups were compared and t = 1.78 (P < 0.05) near the adults value. Male students' IGT of 11 to 14 years old (b/Ob) had 8 positive cases and the positive detection rate was 3.6%. IGT of 15 to 18 years old (b/Ob) had 13 positive cases and the positive detection rate was 8.9%. Two age stages were compared and chi2 = 6.86 (P < 0.01). Female students' IGT of 11 to 14 years old (b/Ob) had 5 positive cases and the positive detection rate was 2.6%. IGT of 15 to 18 years old (b/Ob) had 10 positive cases and the positive detection rate was 7.4%. Two age stages were compared and chi2 = 4.02 (P < 0.05). All had statistical significance. The high IGT incidence rate of b/Ob group's male and female students was in the stage of 15 - 18 years old. Male students were more obvious.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>T2DM prevention among adolescent students should start with body overweight control. Meanwhile, the adolescent students with high risk factors should be screened regularly and early measures should be taken to prevent the impaired glucose regulation (IFG, IGT) transforming into T2DM.</p>

Preliminary achievements of 4+4 program in medical education in Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To explore and evaluate the implementation process and prelimnary achievements of 4+4 medical education program in Shanghai Jaiotong University School of Medicine. Methods The data of student background,curriculum,exam grades and graduate employment of class 2002 and 2003 were collected and analysed. Results The data showed that this program has enrolled high quality students,teaching hours of key courses of medicine has been reduce to 70%,while the average grades of the comprehensive examination were higher than those of the 5 year students,and the employment prospects for 4+4 program has been optimistic. Conclusion The 4+4 program has achieved preliminary success,and the experiences is beneficial for the further reform of medical educational system.

Establishment of a new model of medical humanity education / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To explore a new model of medical humanity education in new situation. Methods Extensive survey was carried out among medical students,and discussion and consultation were hold to faculty and education administers.A new teaching model was established. Results A curriculum system with 1 or 2 core courses supported by some elective courses and social practice is under the process of implementation and achieved preliminary success.Conclusion The medical humanity education should pay attention to the development of connotation instead of pursuing the extension of quantity blindly,which means that students' school work must be eased by focusing on self-study and self-education.Medical students'life path with high-minded personality training should be strengthened.

Implementation and evaluation of Sino-French cooperation on medical education / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To explore the culturing strategies,curiculum provision,courses conferring methods,teaching effects as well as the associated managerial evaluations on the basis of Sino-French cooperation on medical education with the hope of summarizing helpful suggestions to Sino-Foreign cooperation on medical education. Methods The achievements of our Sino-French cooperation on medical education were analyzed and compared in the teaching models,culturing strategies along with courses conferring processes among seven-year medical students from both English-teaching and French-teaching classes. Results Our Sino-French cooperation on medical education was featured in its distinct culturing purposes and effective teaching model.Its scientifically formulated culturing strategy found its full expression in French-teaching atmosphere.The Sino-French cooperation on medical education was consistently welcomed and favorably recommended by both faculties and students. Conclusion The Sino-French cooperation on medical education has not only gained precious experience in culturing the cutting-edge medical talents with the international visions but also conduced to fulfill the goal to establish a modernized and internationalized medical school.

Prediction of fetal hypoxia by measuring middle cerebral and umbilical artery resistance index in fetuses with umbilical cord around the neck in late pregnancy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) resistance index in predicting fetal hypoxia in fetuses with umbilical cord around the neck in late pregnancy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty normal fetuses between 38 and 40 weeks of gestation and 88 fetuses with umbilical cord around neck were measured for MCA and UA pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and the peak-systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) by means of color Doppler ultrasonography, and the resistance index ratio was calculated. Fetuses with umbilical cord around neck were estimated according to the measured normograms for the presence of fetal hypoxia, and the results were evaluated by diagnostic test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences were found in MCA and UA resistance index ratio between the groups (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the resistance index ratio between the normal group and around the neck (one round) group (P>0.05), but significant difference was found between normal group and around the neck (two rounds and more) group (P<0.01), and between the two arounds and one round groups (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of MCA and UA resistance index and resistance index ratio in predicting fetal hypoxia of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck was 43%, 85%, 92%, 83%, 89%, and 100%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MCA and UA resistance index ratio is a better indicator than its resistance index in predicting fetal hypoxia of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck, and may help in early detection of fetal hypoxia for a diagnosis before fetal distress.</p>

Clinical study on adverse reactions of peginterferon alfa-2a in treatment of chronic hepatitis in adults and children / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the scope and degree of short-term adverse reactions of peginterferon alfa-2a in treatment of chronic hepatitis in adults and children to provide basis for anti-viral treatment in clinical practice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective study was conducted in adults and children with chronic hepatitis treated with peginterferon alfa-2a. Meanwhile, the reactions in the patients were recorded with a table designed by ourselves and statistically analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The short-term adverse reactions included increase in body temperature and aching pain in joints and muscles. The increase in body temperature was the major reaction and accounted for 54.11%. The increase in body temperature began to appear in 47.6% of the patients. The body temperature was 37.3 degrees C-38.9 degrees C in most of the patients and mediate and low increase was found in 85.4% of the patients, which was decreased to 70% in the 4th week. However, the percentage of patients with high temperature was increased from 14.5% in the 1st week to 30% in the 4th week. The increase of body temperature began to appear in 9-12 h and 3-5 h after injection of peginterferon alfa-2a in the 1st and later, respectively. The duration of fever was 3-4 h in most of the patients. It appeared once in 1 week after the rejection in most of the patients. For management of fever, cooling with medication was conducted in 45.5 % of the patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The short-term adverse reactions in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with peginterferon alfa-2a include the increase in body temperature etc. The severity of the adverse reactions gradually reduces with continuation of the treatment. Of the adverse reactions, the increase in body temperature is the major (47.6%) and others only account for 1%-16.9%. The increase in body temperature is mainly transient and no management is needed in 50% of the patients. Since the "ladder-type" dose-adding method is used for administration of peginterferon alfa-2a in this group of patients, the adverse reactions are low in number and mild in degree.</p>

Evaluation of community-based intervention for diabetic patients / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the role of community-based intervention among diabetic patients for the control of blood glucose,blood fat,blood pressure and body weight. Methods Patients in a specific community with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected in the study,with 133 in the exercise group,200 in the integration group and 140 in the control group.Intervention and followup were conducted for 8 months,and clinical parameters including blood glucose were detected. Results Both exercise and integrated therapeutics could decrease the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG) and postprandial 2-h blood glucose,with a more significant descending degree in the integration group than the exercise group(P

An open-label pilot study evaluating the efficacy and safety of peginterferon alfa-2a combined with ribavirin in children with chronic hepatitis C / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin in the treatment of children with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 54 children with CHC were treated with peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin from July 2003 to July 2004. The dose of peginterferon alfa-2a was 104 microg.(m2)-1 per week. An inductive treatment with interferon 1-3 MIU q.o.d for a week was given before peginterferon for the reduction of possible side effects. Initially 1/3 to 1/2 dose of ribavirin was given and then the was gradually increased to an ideal level of 15-20 mg.kg(-1).d(-1).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of the patients was 11.3 years. Twenty three patients (42.6%) had received interferon plus ribavirin but the disease relapsed or did not respond to the treatment. The HCV of 70.8 percent of patients was genotype 1 and 14.8 percent of patients had a high viral load (>/=10(-6)/L). After 3-month treatment, 87.5% (42/48) and 8.3% (4/48) of the patients became HCV RNA negative or the viral load reduced by >/= 2 log, respectively, and only 8.3% (4/48) of the patients failed to respond. After 6-month treatment, 87.9% (29/33) and 6.1% (2/33) of the patients became HCV RNA negative or had a >/= 2 log reduction of HCV RNA, respectively, and only 6.1% (2/33) failed to respond. The adverse events were the typical of those reported in the treatment with interferon and ribavirin. Pyrexia occurred in 48.1% of patients, fatigue in 46.3%, decreased appetite in 9.3%, and skin rash in 3.7%. The absolute neutrophil counts of 51 patients (94.4%) were reduced to </= 2.0 x 10(-9)/L, and in 35.2% of them to < 1.0 x 10(-9)/L. Hemoglobin were reduced in only 2 patients (in one case to < 100 g/L, and in the other to < 110 g/L).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The regimen consisted of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin achieved a high virologic response in Chinese children patients with chronic hepatitis C. No severe adverse events occurred and most of the patients well tolerated the treatment.</p>

Study on treatment effectiveness and safety in children with chronic hepatitis B or C using bicyclo tablets / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To evaluate treatment effectiveness and safety of bicyclo tablets in children with chronic hepatitis B or C.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 148 children with chronic hepatitis B or C for evaluating safety, tolerability, and efficacy of treatment with bicyclo tablets or Hugan tablets. Children in therapy group were treated with bicyclo tablets and control group treated with Hugan tablets.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) ALT and AST level decreased more prominently in therapy group than in control group (P<0.01). (2) Bicyclo was more effective than Hugan tablets (P<0.01). (3) Symptoms were ameliorated more prominently in bicyclo group than in control group (P<0.01). (4) Both groups had no significant adverse events.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Satisfactory therapeutic effect and safety were obtained with bicyclo tablets in children with chronic hepatitis B or C.</p>

Clinical features of hepatitis A in 1,629 children / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the clinical features of hepatitis A in 1 629 children under 14 years of age treated in our department at various periods of time.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patients were divided into two groups: 1. Group A consisted of 883 patients treated from January 1984 to December 1990; 2. Group B consisted of 746 patients treated from January 1991 to December 2000. The clinical data of all the patients were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1. The average age was 7.17+/-3.27 and 8.78+/- 3.28 years (chi2=0.54, P>0.05) and the mean course of disease 26.25+/-16.96 and 25.65+/-12.58 days (chi2=0.29, P>0.05). 2. Double peak or multi-peak serum ALT was found in 89 patients. Four peaks of serum ALT was found in one patient. 3. HBsAg was found positive in 143 patients (8.80%). The mean course of disease was 34.40+/-25.86 and 25.20+/-15.43 days (chi2=146.5, P<0.001) in HBsAg positive and negative patients, respectively. 4. Liver puncture biopsy in 26 patients with hepatitis A showed that there was piecemeal necrosis in 2 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>1. There was no significant delay in age of children with HAV infection in 1990s. There was no marked difference in the course of disease between the patients simultaneously receiving various drugs and those receiving one or two drugs. 2. The double peak or multi-peak of serum ALT in patients with hepatitis A might be related to liver damage caused by HAV and immune mechanism. 3. The major type of virus for combined infection in patients with hepatitis A is HBV. The course of disease was prolonged with combined infection of HBV. 4. Piecemeal necrosis might be seen in the liver of a small proportion of patients with hepatitis A alone, which may not be enough to suggest chronicity.</p>